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NEW QUESTION # 11
Which element should an organization consider when identifying the scope of their information security incident management?
- A. Hardcopy information
- B. Both A and B
- C. Electronic information
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016 and ISO/IEC 27001:2022, when defining the scope of an information security incident management system, organizations must consider all forms of information-whether digital or physical-that are relevant to the business. Incidents can affect hardcopy (e.g., paper-based records) and electronic data (e.g., emails, files), so both must be included in the scope assessment.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Clause 4.3: "The scope shall consider interfaces and dependencies between activities performed by the organization and those that are outsourced." ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 4.2.1: "Information in all formats-including printed or written-should be protected." Correct answer: C
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NEW QUESTION # 12
Scenario 4: ORingo is a company based in Krakow, Poland, specializing in developing and distributing electronic products for health monitoring and heart rate measurement applications. With a strong emphasis on innovation and technological advancement, ORingo has established itself as a trusted provider of high-quality, reliable devices that enhance the well being and healthcare capabilities of individuals and healthcare professionals alike.
As part of its commitment to maintaining the highest standards of information security, ORingo has established an information security incident management process This process aims to ensure that any potential threats are swiftly identified, assessed, and addressed to protect systems and information. However, despite these measures, an incident response team member at ORingo recently detected a suspicious state in their systems operational data, leading to the decision to shut down the company-wide system until the anomaly could be thoroughly investigated Upon detecting the threat, the company promptly established an incident response team to respond to the incident effectively. The team's responsibilities encompassed identifying root causes, uncovering hidden vulnerabilities, and implementing timely resolutions to mitigate the impact of the incident on ORingo's operations and customer trust.
In response to the threat detected across its cloud environments. ORingo employed a sophisticated security tool that broadened the scope of incident detection and mitigation This tool covers network traffic, doud environments, and potential attack vectors beyond traditional endpoints, enabling ORingo to proactively defend against evolving cybersecurity threats During a routine check, the IT manager at ORingo discovered that multiple employees lacked awareness of proper procedures following the detection of a phishing email. In response, immediate training sessions on information security policies and incident response were scheduled for all employees, emphasizing the importance of vigilance and adherence to established protocols in safeguarding ORingo's sensitive data and assets.
As part of the training initiative. ORingo conducted a simulated phishing attack exercise to assess employee response and knowledge. However, an employee inadvertently informed an external partner about the 'attack'' during the exercise, highlighting the importance of ongoing education and reinforcement of security awareness principles within the organization.
Through its proactive approach to incident management and commitment to fostering a culture of security awareness and readiness. ORingo reaffirms its dedication to safeguarding the integrity and confidentiality of its electronic products and ensuring the trust and confidence of its customers and stakeholders worldwide.
In scenario 4, during a routine check, the IT manager discovered that multiple employees were unaware of the proper procedures following the detection of a phishing email and scheduled immediate training for all employees on information security policies and incident response. Is this recommended?
- A. No, the IT manager should handle the incident without involving other employees
- B. No, providing training is unnecessary; the employees' ignorance of proper procedures regarding phishing emails is a minor issue
- C. Yes, it is recommended that immediate training on these topics be provided to ensure employees know how to respond correctly to phishing emails
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Phishing is one of the most common entry points for cybersecurity incidents. ISO/IEC 27035 and ISO/IEC
27002 both recommend security awareness training as a key preventive control. When users do not understand proper response procedures, the risk of successful attacks increases significantly.
Providing immediate training, especially following the identification of a knowledge gap, is considered best practice. This aligns with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A.6.3 and A.5.36, which emphasize the need for education and continuous awareness on security topics, including how to handle phishing attempts.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.1 - "Preparation includes awareness training to reduce the likelihood and impact of incidents." ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control A.6.3 - "Personnel should receive appropriate awareness education and training to carry out their information security responsibilities." Therefore, the correct answer is A.
NEW QUESTION # 13
Why is it important to identify all impacted hosts during the eradication phase?
- A. To facilitate recovery efforts
- B. To optimize hardware performance
- C. To enhance overall security
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
During the eradication phase of the information security incident management process, identifying all impacted hosts is essential to ensure that every element affected by the incident is addressed before proceeding to recovery. According to ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 6.4.5, the eradication phase involves removing malware, disabling unauthorized access, and remediating vulnerabilities that led to the incident.
Identifying all impacted hosts ensures:
Comprehensive removal of malicious artifacts
Prevention of reinfection or further propagation
A smooth and complete transition into the recovery phase
This directly supports recovery planning because it helps teams understand which systems need to be restored, rebuilt, or validated. Option B (optimizing hardware performance) is not a goal of incident management, and Option C (enhancing overall security) is a long-term objective but not the immediate goal of the eradication phase.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 6.4.5: "During eradication, it is important to identify all affected systems so that root causes and malicious components are removed prior to recovery." Correct answer: A
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NEW QUESTION # 14
Who is responsible for providing threat intelligence and supporting the lead investigator within an incident response team?
- A. Analysts and researchers
- B. Team leader
- C. IT support staff
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
In an Incident Response Team (IRT), analysts and researchers are responsible for threat intelligence, data analysis, malware investigation, and providing in-depth technical insights. Their work directly supports the lead investigator by identifying root causes, attack vectors, indicators of compromise (IOCs), and evaluating threat actor tactics.
According to ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, these roles are part of the broader support functions within an IRT and are crucial for technical depth and timely resolution of incidents.
Option A (IT support staff) may provide infrastructure-level assistance but typically lacks threat analysis capabilities. Option C (team leader) oversees coordination and communication but is not the primary intelligence resource.
Reference Extracts:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 7.2.3: "Support roles may include malware analysts, forensic experts, and threat intelligence researchers." ENISA CSIRT Training Guide: "Analysts contribute to ongoing investigations by identifying attack patterns and supporting mitigation decisions." Correct answer: B
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NEW QUESTION # 15
Based on ISO/IEC 27035-2, which of the following is an example of evaluation activities used to evaluate the effectiveness of the incident management team?
- A. Evaluating the capabilities and services once they become operational
- B. Analyzing the lessons learned once an information security incident has been handled and closed
- C. Conducting information security testing, particularly vulnerability assessment
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016 Clause 7.4.3 emphasizes the role of lessons learned reviews as key evaluation activities for assessing the performance of incident response teams. This activity involves post-incident debriefs to evaluate what went right or wrong and how response processes or team functions could improve.
While options A and C are related to broader security or deployment procedures, Option B directly reflects a formal evaluation mechanism used to gauge incident team effectiveness.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016 Clause 7.4.3: "Lessons learned should be documented and used to evaluate the effectiveness of the incident management process." Correct answer: B
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NEW QUESTION # 16
What roles do business managers play in relation to the Incident Management Team (IMT) and Incident Response Teams (IRTs)?
- A. Developing policies and procedures for managing internal employees found engaging in unauthorized or illegal computer activities
- B. Guiding on liability and compliance issues to the IMT and IRT and advise on which incidents constitute mandatory data breach notifications
- C. Understanding how the IMT and IRTs support business processes and define authority over business systems
Answer: C
Explanation:
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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
According to ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016 and ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, business managers have a vital governance and operational oversight role in relation to information security incident response. Their main function is to ensure that incident management activities align with the organization's business processes and risk management strategies.
Clause 7.2.1 of ISO/IEC 27035-2 highlights that business managers are responsible for ensuring that the incident response teams (IRTs) understand business priorities, and that response activities reflect the criticality of affected systems and services. Business managers also help define the operational boundaries and authority of IMTs and IRTs when incidents impact key business systems. Their involvement ensures that decisions made during response efforts support overall organizational resilience and legal compliance.
Option A is more aligned with human resources or legal/compliance functions, not core business manager responsibilities. Option B relates more closely to legal counsel or data privacy officers who are tasked with interpreting laws and regulations concerning breach notifications and liability.
Reference Extracts:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 7.2.1: "Business managers are responsible for ensuring the coordination between business requirements and incident response activities, and for defining authority over the systems under their management." Clause 6.1.1: "Incident response activities must be aligned with business continuity plans and critical asset protection priorities." Therefore, the correct and most comprehensive answer is: C - Understanding how the IMT and IRTs support business processes and define authority over business systems.
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NEW QUESTION # 17
Scenario 6: EastCyber has established itself as a premier cyber security company that offers threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and penetration testing tailored to protect organizations from emerging cyber threats. The company effectively utilizes ISO/IEC 27035*1 and 27035-2 standards, enhancing its capability to manage information security incidents.
EastCyber appointed an information security management team led by Mike Despite limited resources, Mike and the team implemented advanced monitoring protocols to ensure that every device within the company's purview is under constant surveillance This monitoring approach is crucial for covering everything thoroughly, enabling the information security and cyber management team to proactively detect and respond to any sign of unauthorized access, modifications, or malicious activity within its systems and networks.
In addition, they focused on establishing an advanced network traffic monitoring system This system carefully monitors network activity, quickly spotting and alerting the security team to unauthorized actions This vigilance is pivotal in maintaining the integrity of EastCyber's digital infrastructure and ensuring the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of the data it protects.
Furthermore, the team focused on documentation management. They meticulously crafted a procedure to ensure thorough documentation of information security events. Based on this procedure, the company would document only the events that escalate into high-severity incidents and the subsequent actions. This documentation strategy streamlines the incident management process, enabling the team to allocate resources more effectively and focus on incidents that pose the greatest threat.
A recent incident involving unauthorized access to company phones highlighted the critical nature of incident management. Nate, the incident coordinator, quickly prepared an exhaustive incident report. His report detailed an analysis of the situation, identifying the problem and its cause. However, it became evident that assessing the seriousness and the urgency of a response was inadvertently overlooked.
In response to the incident, EastCyber addressed the exploited vulnerabilities. This action started the eradication phase, aimed at systematically eliminating the elements of the incident. This approach addresses the immediate concerns and strengthens EastCyber's defenses against similar threats in the future.
According to scenario 6, Nate compiled a detailed incident report that analyzed the problem and its cause but did not evaluate the incident's severity and response urgency. Does this align with the ISO/IEC 27035-1 guidelines?
- A. Yes. Nate included all the elements required by ISO/IEC 27035-1
- B. No, as the report did not include a comprehensive list of all employees who accessed the system within
24 hours before the incident - C. No, Nate overlooked the necessity of assessing the seriousness and the urgency of the response
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016 emphasizes that part of the incident handling process-particularly during assessment and documentation-must include evaluation of both the seriousness (severity) and urgency (criticality) of the incident.
Clause 6.4.2 requires that an incident's potential impact and required response timelines be assessed promptly to determine appropriate action. Nate's omission of this evaluation, despite creating a technically sound report, means that the organization could misjudge the incident's risk, delay appropriate response, or fail to meet notification obligations.
Option A is incorrect because ISO/IEC 27035 explicitly lists impact and urgency as required analysis elements. Option C, while possibly helpful in forensic analysis, is not a required component per the standard.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.4.2: "Assess the impact, severity, and urgency of the incident to determine the necessary response and escalation procedures." Clause 6.5.4: "An incident report should include an evaluation of incident criticality to inform decision- making." Correct answer: B Each includes the correct answer, detailed justification, and citation from ISO/IEC 27035 standards.
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NEW QUESTION # 18
Scenario 4: ORingo is a company based in Krakow, Poland, specializing in developing and distributing electronic products for health monitoring and heart rate measurement applications. With a strong emphasis on innovation and technological advancement, ORingo has established itself as a trusted provider of high-quality, reliable devices that enhance the well being and healthcare capabilities of individuals and healthcare professionals alike.
As part of its commitment to maintaining the highest standards of information security, ORingo has established an information security incident management process This process aims to ensure that any potential threats are swiftly identified, assessed, and addressed to protect systems and information. However, despite these measures, an incident response team member at ORingo recently detected a suspicious state in their systems operational data, leading to the decision to shut down the company-wide system until the anomaly could be thoroughly investigated Upon detecting the threat, the company promptly established an incident response team to respond to the incident effectively. The team's responsibilities encompassed identifying root causes, uncovering hidden vulnerabilities, and implementing timely resolutions to mitigate the impact of the incident on ORingo's operations and customer trust.
In response to the threat detected across its cloud environments. ORingo employed a sophisticated security tool that broadened the scope of incident detection and mitigation This tool covers network traffic, doud environments, and potential attack vectors beyond traditional endpoints, enabling ORingo to proactively defend against evolving cybersecurity threats During a routine check, the IT manager at ORingo discovered that multiple employees lacked awareness of proper procedures following the detection of a phishing email. In response, immediate training sessions on information security policies and incident response were scheduled for all employees, emphasizing the importance of vigilance and adherence to established protocols in safeguarding ORingo's sensitive data and assets.
As part of the training initiative. ORingo conducted a simulated phishing attack exercise to assess employee response and knowledge. However, an employee inadvertently informed an external partner about the 'attack'' during the exercise, highlighting the importance of ongoing education and reinforcement of security awareness principles within the organization.
Through its proactive approach to incident management and commitment to fostering a culture of security awareness and readiness. ORingo reaffirms its dedication to safeguarding the integrity and confidentiality of its electronic products and ensuring the trust and confidence of its customers and stakeholders worldwide.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
After identifying a suspicious state in ORingo's system, a member of the IRT initiated a company-wide system shutdown until the anomaly was investigated. Is this acceptable?
- A. No, the IRT should have determined the facts that enable detection of the event occurrence
- B. No, the IRT should have immediately informed all employees about the potential data breach
- C. Yes, the correct action is to initiate a company-wide system shutdown until the anomaly is investigated
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, particularly in Clause 6.2.2 (Assess and Decide), the organization must first assess the reported event to determine whether it qualifies as a security incident before implementing disruptive responses such as a full system shutdown.
Initiating a shutdown without first determining the cause, impact, or whether it's a confirmed incident can lead to unnecessary operational disruption and loss of services. The proper approach is to collect evidence, analyze system behavior, and make informed decisions based on risk level and confirmed facts.
Option B best reflects the required approach: The IRT should first determine the facts that enable detection and validation of the event's occurrence and impact before initiating drastic action like shutting down critical systems.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.2.2 - "An analysis should be conducted to determine whether the event should be treated as an information security incident." Clause 6.2.3 - "Response should be proportionate to the impact and type of the incident." Therefore, the correct answer is B.
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NEW QUESTION # 19
What is a key activity in the response phase of information security incident management?
- A. Restoring systems to normal operation
- B. Logging all activities, results, and related decisions for later analysis
- C. Ensuring the change control regime covers information security incident tracking
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
During the response phase, one of the most critical activities-according to ISO/IEC 27035-1 and 27035-2- is the documentation of actions, decisions, and results. Clause 6.4.6 of ISO/IEC 27035-1 emphasizes that all activities must be logged to support post-incident analysis, audit trails, and lessons learned. This ensures that:
Accountability is maintained
Decisions can be reviewed
Investigations are legally sound (especially in regulated environments) While restoring systems (Option C) typically occurs in the recovery phase, logging activities and outcomes is essential during the actual response. Change control processes (Option B) are supporting functions but are not core to the immediate response phase.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.4.6: "All incident response actions and decisions should be recorded to enable traceability and facilitate future improvement." Correct answer: A
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NEW QUESTION # 20
What is the purpose of incident identification in the incident response process?
- A. To conduct a preliminary assessment of the incident
- B. To collect all data related to the incident, including information from affected systems, network logs, user accounts, and any other relevant sources
- C. To recognize incidents through various methods like intrusion detection systems and employee reports
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Incident identification is the first operational step in the incident response process. It involves detecting unusual or suspicious activity and recognizing whether it constitutes an information security incident. ISO
/IEC 27035-1:2016 describes various sources of detection, such as:
Security monitoring tools (e.g., IDS/IPS)
User reports or helpdesk notifications
Automated alerts from applications or infrastructure
The goal at this stage is not to collect detailed forensic data or conduct deep analysis, but rather to determine whether the activity warrants classification as a potential incident and to escalate accordingly.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.2.1: "Incident identification involves recognizing the occurrence of an event that could be an information security incident." Correct answer: C
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NEW QUESTION # 21
Scenario 8: Moneda Vivo, headquartered in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia, is a distinguished name in the banking sector. It is renowned for its innovative approach to digital banking and unwavering commitment to information security. Moneda Vivo stands out by offering various banking services designed to meet the needs of its clients. Central to its operations is an information security incident management process that adheres to the recommendations of ISO/IEC 27035-1 and 27035-2.
Recently. Moneda Vivo experienced a phishing attack aimed at its employees Despite the bank's swift identification and containment of the attack, the incident led to temporary service outages and data access issues, underscoring the need for improved resilience The response team compiled a detailed review of the attack, offering valuable insights into the techniques and entry points used and identifying areas for enhancing their preparedness.
Shortly after the attack, the bank strengthened its defense by implementing a continuous review process to ensure its incident management procedures and systems remain effective and appropriate While monitoring the incident management process, a trend became apparent. The mean time between similar incidents decreased after a few occurrences; however, Moneda Vivo strategically ignored the trend and continued with regular operations This decision was rooted in a deep confidence in its existing security measures and incident management protocols, which had proven effective in quick detection and resolution of issues Moneda Vivo's commitment to transparency and continual improvement is exemplified by its utilization of a comprehensive dashboard. This tool provides real time insights into the progress of its information security incident management, helping control operational activities and ensure that processes stay within the targets of productivity, quality, and efficiency. However, securing its digital banking platform proved challenging.
Following a recent upgrade, which included a user interface change to its digital banking platform and a software update, Moneda Vivo recognized the need to immediately review its incident management process for accuracy and completeness. The top management postponed the review due to financial and time constraints.
Based on scenario 8, Moneda Vivo ignored the trend and continued regular operations when the mean time between the same types of incidents decreased after a few occurrences. Is this acceptable?
- A. No, when the mean time between the same types of incidents decreases, a study should be necessary to confirm that the incidents are unrelated
- B. No, when the mean time between the same types of incidents decreases, a study should be conducted to discover why
- C. When the mean time between the same types of incidents decreases after a few occurrences, it shows that the incidents are becoming less significant
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
ISO/IEC 27035-1 encourages organizations to monitor metrics, such as the frequency of incident types, as part of continual improvement (Clause 7.3). A decreasing mean time between incidents (MTBI) may indicate increased threat frequency, weakened controls, or emerging vulnerabilities. Ignoring such trends can prevent timely corrective actions and weaken overall resilience.
Instead of assuming the incidents are less significant, ISO guidance suggests conducting root cause analysis and trend evaluations when patterns like this emerge.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 7.3: "Monitoring and measurement of the incident management process should include trend analysis to identify recurring issues or new patterns." Correct answer: C
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NEW QUESTION # 22
Scenario 6: EastCyber has established itself as a premier cyber security company that offers threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and penetration testing tailored to protect organizations from emerging cyber threats. The company effectively utilizes ISO/IEC 27035*1 and 27035-2 standards, enhancing its capability to manage information security incidents.
EastCyber appointed an information security management team led by Mike Despite limited resources, Mike and the team implemented advanced monitoring protocols to ensure that every device within the company's purview is under constant surveillance This monitoring approach is crucial for covering everything thoroughly, enabling the information security and cyber management team to proactively detect and respond to any sign of unauthorized access, modifications, or malicious activity within its systems and networks.
In addition, they focused on establishing an advanced network traffic monitoring system This system carefully monitors network activity, quickly spotting and alerting the security team to unauthorized actions This vigilance is pivotal in maintaining the integrity of EastCyber's digital infrastructure and ensuring the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of the data it protects.
Furthermore, the team focused on documentation management. They meticulously crafted a procedure to ensure thorough documentation of information security events. Based on this procedure, the company would document only the events that escalate into high-severity incidents and the subsequent actions. This documentation strategy streamlines the incident management process, enabling the team to allocate resources more effectively and focus on incidents that pose the greatest threat.
A recent incident involving unauthorized access to company phones highlighted the critical nature of incident management. Nate, the incident coordinator, quickly prepared an exhaustive incident report. His report detailed an analysis of the situation, identifying the problem and its cause. However, it became evident that assessing the seriousness and the urgency of a response was inadvertently overlooked.
In response to the incident, EastCyber addressed the exploited vulnerabilities. This action started the eradication phase, aimed at systematically eliminating the elements of the incident. This approach addresses the immediate concerns and strengthens EastCyber's defenses against similar threats in the future.
Based on scenario 6, EastCyber's team established a procedure for documenting only the information security events that escalate into high-severity incidents. According to ISO/IEC 27035-1, is this approach acceptable?
- A. The standard suggests that organizations document only events that classify as high-severity incidents
- B. No, they should use established guidelines to document events and subsequent actions when the event is classified as an information security incident
- C. No, because documentation should only occur post-incident to avoid any interference with the response process
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016 clearly states that documentation is essential for all information security incidents, regardless of severity. While prioritization is necessary, the standard recommends that events meeting the threshold of an information security incident (based on classification and assessment) must be recorded, along with the corresponding actions taken.
The practice described-documenting only high-severity incidents-may result in overlooking patterns in lower-priority events that could lead to significant issues if repeated or correlated.
Clause 6.4.5 of ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016 emphasizes that documentation should be thorough and begin from the detection phase through to response and lessons learned.
Option A is incorrect, as the standard does not permit selective documentation only for severe incidents.
Option C misrepresents the intent of documentation, which must be concurrent with or shortly after incident handling-not only post-event.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.4.5: "All incident information, decisions, and activities should be documented in a structured way to enable future review, learning, and audit." Clause 6.2.3: "When an event is assessed as an incident, it must be recorded along with all subsequent actions." Correct answer: B
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NEW QUESTION # 23
What is the first step in planning the response to information security incidents?
- A. Developing processes that support the response to information security incidents
- B. Assigning the response class based on incident information
- C. Defining the response classification
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
In ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, the planning phase of incident response starts with establishing a classification system. Response classification is essential to ensure that incidents are assessed and categorized in a consistent manner, allowing appropriate response measures to be applied. This classification forms the foundation for selecting the right procedures, team involvement, and communication protocols.
Assigning a response class (Option A) is a subsequent step that occurs once an incident is analyzed and matched to a pre-defined category. Developing response processes (Option B) is important but comes after the classification model is defined.
Reference Extracts:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 6.3.2: "The response planning process begins with the classification of potential incidents to determine the required actions and responsibilities." Clause 7.2.2: "Defining response classes helps the organization decide how to handle specific categories of incidents." Correct answer: C
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NEW QUESTION # 24
Scenario 4: ORingo is a company based in Krakow, Poland, specializing in developing and distributing electronic products for health monitoring and heart rate measurement applications. With a strong emphasis on innovation and technological advancement, ORingo has established itself as a trusted provider of high-quality, reliable devices that enhance the well being and healthcare capabilities of individuals and healthcare professionals alike.
As part of its commitment to maintaining the highest standards of information security, ORingo has established an information security incident management process This process aims to ensure that any potential threats are swiftly identified, assessed, and addressed to protect systems and information. However, despite these measures, an incident response team member at ORingo recently detected a suspicious state in their systems operational data, leading to the decision to shut down the company-wide system until the anomaly could be thoroughly investigated Upon detecting the threat, the company promptly established an incident response team to respond to the incident effectively. The team's responsibilities encompassed identifying root causes, uncovering hidden vulnerabilities, and implementing timely resolutions to mitigate the impact of the incident on ORingo's operations and customer trust.
In response to the threat detected across its cloud environments. ORingo employed a sophisticated security tool that broadened the scope of incident detection and mitigation This tool covers network traffic, doud environments, and potential attack vectors beyond traditional endpoints, enabling ORingo to proactively defend against evolving cybersecurity threats During a routine check, the IT manager at ORingo discovered that multiple employees lacked awareness of proper procedures following the detection of a phishing email. In response, immediate training sessions on information security policies and incident response were scheduled for all employees, emphasizing the importance of vigilance and adherence to established protocols in safeguarding ORingo's sensitive data and assets.
As part of the training initiative. ORingo conducted a simulated phishing attack exercise to assess employee response and knowledge. However, an employee inadvertently informed an external partner about the 'attack'' during the exercise, highlighting the importance of ongoing education and reinforcement of security awareness principles within the organization.
Through its proactive approach to incident management and commitment to fostering a culture of security awareness and readiness. ORingo reaffirms its dedication to safeguarding the integrity and confidentiality of its electronic products and ensuring the trust and confidence of its customers and stakeholders worldwide.
Based on scenario 4, are the responsibilities of the incident response team (IRT) established according to the ISO/IEC 27035-2 guidelines?
- A. No, the responsibilities of IRT do not include resolving incidents
- B. No, the responsibilities of IRT also include assessing events and declaring incidents
- C. Yes, IRT's responsibilities include identifying root causes, discovering hidden vulnerabilities, and resolving incidents quickly to minimize their impact
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016 outlines comprehensive responsibilities for an incident response team, which include not just response and mitigation but also:
Assessing and classifying reported events
Determining if they qualify as incidents
Coordinating containment, eradication, and recovery actions
Conducting root cause analysis and lessons learned
While the scenario highlights the team's strengths in root cause analysis and resolution, it omits one key responsibility: the proper assessment and classification of the anomaly before response. This makes option C the most accurate.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 5.2.2 - "The IRT should assess events, determine whether they are incidents, and take appropriate actions." Therefore, the correct answer is C.
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NEW QUESTION # 25
According to scenario 4, what is the next action ORingo should take to prevent escalation when conducting exercises?
- A. Inform all participants and external entities involved that this was a simulated scenario and not a real threat immediately
- B. Wait until the exercise is completed to clarify the situation with all parties involved
- C. Proceed with the exercise as planned, considering this as a part of the learning process
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, incident response exercises (including simulations such as phishing campaigns) must be carefully controlled to avoid confusion, escalation, or reputational damage. If an exercise is misunderstood by employees or external parties, it could lead to unintended consequences including external escalation, customer concern, or media involvement.
The best practice is to ensure that all involved-especially external stakeholders-are informed as soon as possible if they are exposed to simulated elements. Transparency ensures the organization maintains trust and mitigates potential fallout. This is part of effective communication during planned exercises.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 7.5 - "Exercises should be clearly identified, controlled, and followed by communication plans that inform affected parties of their simulated nature." Correct answer: C
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NEW QUESTION # 26
Scenario 5: Located in Istanbul, Turkey, Alura Hospital is a leading medical institution specializing in advanced eye surgery and vision care. Renowned for its modern facilities, cutting-edge technology, and highly skilled staff, Alura Hospital is committed to delivering exceptional patient care. Additionally, Alura Hospital has implemented the ISO/IEC 27035 standards to enhance its information security incident management practices.
At Alura Hospital, the information security incident management plan is a critical component of safeguarding patient data and maintaining the integrity of its medical services. This comprehensive plan includes instructions for handling vulnerabilities discovered during incident management. According to this plan, when new vulnerabilities are discovered, Mehmet is appointed as the incident handler and is authorized to patch the vulnerabilities without assessing their potential impact on the current incident, prioritizing patient data security above all else.
Recognizing the importance of a structured approach to incident management, Alura Hospital has established four teams dedicated to various aspects of incident response. The planning team focuses on implementing security processes and communicating with external organizations. The monitoring team is responsible for security patches, upgrades, and security policy implementation. The analysis team adjusts risk priorities and manages vulnerability reports, while the test and evaluation team organizes and performs incident response tests to ensure preparedness.
During an incident management training session, staff members at Alura Hospital were provided with clear roles and responsibilities. However, a technician expressed uncertainty about their role during a data integrity incident, as the manager assigned them a role unrelated to their expertise. This decision was made to ensure that all staff members possess versatile skills and are prepared to handle various scenarios effectively.
Additionally, Alura Hospital realized it needed to communicate better with stakeholders during security incidents. The hospital discovered it was not adequately informing stakeholders and that relevant information must be provided using formats, language, and media that meet their needs. This would enable them to participate fully in the incident response process and stay informed about potential risks and mitigation strategies.
Also, the hospital has experienced frequent network performance issues affecting critical hospital systems and increased sophisticated cyberattacks designed to bypass traditional security measures. So, it has deployed an external firewall. This action is intended to strengthen the hospital's network security by helping detect threats that have already breached the perimeter defenses. The firewall's implementation is a part of the hospital's broader strategy to maintain a robust and secure IT infrastructure, which is crucial for protecting sensitive patient data and ensuring the reliability of critical hospital systems. Alura Hospital remains committed to integrating state-of-the-art technology solutions to uphold the highest patient care and data security standards.
Based on scenario 5, the hospital decided to deploy an external firewall to detect threats that have already breached the perimeter defenses in response to frequent network performance issues affecting critical hospital systems. Is this recommended?
- A. No, they should have deployed an intrusion detection system to identify and alert the incident response team of the breach
- B. Deploying an external firewall to detect threats that have already breached the perimeter defenses
- C. No, they should have implemented a cloud-based antivirus solution instead of deploying an external firewall
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016 (Information Security Incident Management - Part 2: Guidelines to Plan and Prepare for Incident Response) provides specific guidance on implementing protective technologies that enhance detection, prevention, and response to information security incidents. Among the recommendations, deploying firewalls, intrusion detection systems (IDS), intrusion prevention systems (IPS), and other layered security mechanisms are considered essential practices in ensuring network and system resilience.
In this case, Alura Hospital experienced repeated network performance issues and targeted cyberattacks. Their decision to deploy an external firewall is appropriate and aligns with best practices outlined in ISO/IEC
27035-2, especially for a healthcare institution handling sensitive patient data. External firewalls act as a network barrier that not only prevents unauthorized access but also helps monitor and detect anomalies or threats that may have already breached traditional perimeter defenses. This is particularly important in environments where traditional safeguards are being bypassed by sophisticated attackers.
While intrusion detection systems (option C) are also important, the scenario mentions that the firewall is being used as part of a broader layered defense system and is meant to detect already-breached threats. Cloud- based antivirus solutions (option B) are not a substitute for firewalls in terms of network protection and would not adequately address the complex, targeted threats that Alura is facing.
Reference Extracts from ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016:
Clause 7.3.2: "Organizations should implement network and system security controls such as firewalls, IDS
/IPS, and anti-malware tools to monitor and restrict unauthorized access." Annex B (Example Preparatory Activities): "Firewalls are vital components in detecting and preventing unauthorized traffic, especially when placed at external network perimeters." Thus, deploying an external firewall in this context is a recommended and justified security measure. The correct answer is: A.
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NEW QUESTION # 27
Scenario 3: L&K Associates is a graphic design firm headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. It specializes in providing innovative and creative design solutions to clients across various industries. With offices in multiple parts of the country, they effectively serve clients, delivering design solutions that meet their unique needs and preferences.
In its commitment to maintaining information security, L&K Associates is implementing an information security incident management process guided by ISO/IEC 27035-1 and ISO/IEC 27035-2. Leona, the designated leader overseeing the implementation of the incident management process, customized the scope of incident management to align with the organization's unique requirements. This involved specifying the IT systems, services, and personnel involved in the incident management process while excluding potential incident sources beyond those directly related to IT systems and services.
In scenario 3, which of the following risk identification approaches was used by L&K Associates?
- A. Asset-based approach
- B. Both A and B
- C. Event-based approach
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
L&K Associates employed two distinct approaches as described in ISO/IEC 27005:2018 and referenced in ISO/IEC 27035-2:
Strategic scenario identification, which involves analyzing sources of risk and their impact on stakeholders and objectives. This is aligned with the event-based approach, which focuses on risk sources and events that may lead to incidents.
Operational scenario identification, which involves a thorough assessment of assets, threats, and vulnerabilities - aligning with the asset-based approach, where the focus is on critical assets and the threats that may exploit their weaknesses.
ISO/IEC 27005:2018, Clause 8.2.2, identifies multiple methods for risk identification, including:
Asset-based approach
Event-based (or threat-based) approach
Vulnerability-centered approach
In this scenario, both the asset- and event-based methods were clearly applied by Leona, which is encouraged in ISO risk management practices to provide a holistic view of risk.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Both A and B.
NEW QUESTION # 28
When does the information security incident management plan come into effect?
- A. After a security audit is completed
- B. When a security vulnerability is reported
- C. When a new security policy is drafted
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
According to ISO/IEC 27035-1 and 27035-2, the incident management plan is activated upon the detection or reporting of a security event, particularly when a vulnerability, threat, or compromise has been identified. The plan ensures structured response and accountability from the very first signs of a potential incident.
Clause 6.4.2 in ISO/IEC 27035-2 explains that incident response activities-including logging, categorization, assessment, and escalation-should begin as soon as a security incident or vulnerability is reported. This proactive trigger allows early containment and mitigation.
Security audits and policy drafts (Options A and B) are part of preventive or governance mechanisms, not operational triggers for activating the plan.
Reference Extracts:
ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 6.4.2: "The incident management plan should be activated once a security incident or significant vulnerability is identified and reported." Clause 5.1: "Detection and reporting are the initial steps in triggering the formal incident management lifecycle." Correct answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 29
Scenario 2: NoSpace, a forward-thinking e-commerce store based in London, is renowned for its diverse products and advanced technology. To enhance its information security, NoSpace implemented an ISMS according to ISO/IEC 27001 to better protect customer data and ensure business continuity. Additionally, the company adopted ISO/IEC 27035-1 and ISO/IEC 27035-2 guidelines. Mark, the incident manager at NoSpace, strategically led the entire implementation. He played a crucial role in aligning the company's ISMS with the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 27001, using ISO/IEC 27035-1 guidelines as the foundation.
During a routine internal audit, a minor anomaly was detected in the data traffic that could potentially indicate a security threat. Mark was immediately notified to assess the situation. Then, Mark and his team immediately escalated the incident to crisis management to handle the potential threat without further assessment. The decision was made to ensure a swift response.
After resolving the situation, Mark decided to update the incident management process. During the initial phase of incident management, Mark recognized the necessity of updating NoSpace's information security policies. This included revising policies related to risk management at the organizational level as well as for specific systems, services, or networks. The second phase of the updated incident management process included the assessment of the information associated with occurrences of information security events and the importance of classifying events and vulnerabilities as information security incidents. During this phase, he also introduced a "count down" process to expedite the evaluation and classification of occurrences, determining whether they should be recognized as information security incidents.
Mark developed a new incident management policy to enhance the organization's resilience and adaptability in handling information security incidents. Starting with a strategic review session with key stakeholders, the team prioritized critical focus areas over less impactful threats, choosing not to include all potential threats in the policy document. This decision was made to keep the policy streamlined and actionable, focusing on the most significant risks identified through a risk assessment. The policy was shaped by integrating feedback from various department heads to ensure it was realistic and enforceable. Training and awareness initiatives were tailored to focus only on critical response roles, optimizing resource allocation and focusing on essential capabilities.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Do the actions taken by the IRT of NoSpace upon detecting the anomaly align with the objectives of a structured approach to incident management?
- A. No, the actions taken by the IRT do not align with structured incident management objectives because they failed to utilize external resources immediately
- B. No, escalating a minor anomaly directly to crisis management without further assessment deviates from the objectives of a structured incident management approach, which typically reserves crisis management for more severe, crisis-level situations
- C. Yes, escalating all incidents to crisis management regardless of severity and focusing solely on the crisis management process aligns with the objectives
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
According to ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, a structured approach to incident management involves a phased and deliberate process: detect and report, assess and decide, respond, and learn lessons. Each phase has specific objectives, especially the "Assess and Decide" phase, which is critical in determining whether an event is a real security incident and what level of response it necessitates.
The decision by NoSpace's IRT to escalate a minor anomaly directly to crisis management without performing a structured assessment contradicts this methodology. Crisis management is typically reserved for severe incidents that have already been assessed and confirmed to be of high impact.
Escalating prematurely not only bypasses the formal classification and analysis phase but also risks wasting resources and causing unnecessary alarm. ISO/IEC 27035-1, Clause 6.2.3, specifically outlines that incidents must first be categorized and assessed to determine their significance before involving higher-level response mechanisms such as crisis management.
Reference Extracts:
ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, Clause 6.2.2: "Assess and decide involves analyzing reported events to determine whether they are to be classified as incidents, and how they should be handled." ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016, Clause 6.4: "Crisis management should be triggered only in cases of major incidents where organizational impact is high." Therefore, the correct answer is A: No, escalating a minor anomaly directly to crisis management without further assessment deviates from the objectives of a structured incident management approach.
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NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following statements regarding the principles for digital evidence gathering is correct?
- A. Relevance means that the DEFR should be able to describe the procedures followed and justify the decision to acquire each item based on its value to the investigation
- B. Reliability implies that all processes used in handling digital evidence should be unique and not necessarily reproducible
- C. Sufficiency means that only a minimal amount of material should be gathered to avoid unnecessary auditing and justification efforts
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Digital evidence gathering, as outlined in ISO/IEC 27037 and referenced in ISO/IEC 27035-2, must adhere to several core principles-reliability, sufficiency, relevance, and integrity. Relevance, in particular, means that the Digital Evidence First Responder (DEFR) must ensure that any item collected has direct or potential bearing on the investigation.
Relevance also requires:
Clear justification for why an item was acquired
Ability to trace the decision-making process
Alignment with investigation objectives
Option A misrepresents "sufficiency," which does not mean minimal collection but rather collecting enough evidence to support conclusions without overburdening the investigation. Option B contradicts the principle of reliability, which requires that processes be standardized and reproducible.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27037:2012, Clause 6.2.2.4: "Relevance is determined by the value of the digital evidence in addressing the objectives of the investigation." ISO/IEC 27035-2:2016 references this standard in Clause 7.4.4 regarding forensic evidence handling.
Correct answer: C
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NEW QUESTION # 31
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